Measles poses a serious risk to infants, and unfortunately, there is no cure for this viral infection. Here’s essential information to help protect your little one.
In 2019, a significant outbreak of measles occurred, affecting New York and spreading to over 30 states. Pediatricians are urging parents to take this disease seriously. “Many think it’s just a mild fever, rash, and infection,” explains Dr. Lisa Hartman, head of pediatrics at Crestview Children’s Hospital. “However, numerous children experience complications, including pneumonia and encephalitis, which is swelling of the brain.” So, how is measles transmitted, and what can you do to ensure your baby’s safety? Read on to find out more.
What Is Measles?
Measles, or rubeola, is a highly contagious viral illness. Its most recognizable symptom is a red, blotchy rash that begins on the face and spreads downward. The measles virus can remain airborne or on surfaces for up to two hours, making it easy to contract through inhalation of contaminated air or contact with infected surfaces.
Sadly, measles is responsible for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide, primarily in children under five. “There’s no such thing as a ‘mild case of measles’—it affects every cell in your body, including your heart, lungs, brain, and liver,” warns Dr. Anna Lee, a pediatric infectious disease specialist. “Additionally, one in 500 individuals may develop subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), a severe and irreversible brain condition that can be deadly.”
Measles Outbreaks
Before the early 1960s, nearly every child in the United States contracted measles by age 15, with 3 to 4 million infections each year. However, after the measles vaccine was introduced in 1968, reported cases plummeted by 80 percent by 1981. Following a small outbreak in 1989, health experts recommended a second dose of the vaccine, leading the CDC to declare measles eliminated in the U.S. by 2000.
In recent years, two factors have contributed to small outbreaks: an increase in international travel and the spread of the virus in communities with low vaccination rates. “No one in recent generations has witnessed a measles case, which reduces fear of the disease,” remarks Dr. Hartman. Additionally, misinformation circulating on social media contributes to vaccine hesitancy.
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Summary
Measles is a serious viral disease that can lead to severe health complications in infants. With a history of outbreaks and the importance of vaccinations, it’s crucial for parents to stay informed. Protect your child by ensuring they receive the measles vaccine on schedule and remaining aware of the risks associated with this highly contagious illness.
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