Youth sports are a common part of growing up for many children, offering chances to engage in activities like soccer, basketball, gymnastics, and t-ball, all before they reach their teenage years. For some, this leads to a lifelong passion for athletics and strong bonds with teammates who become like family. However, for others, it can highlight the challenges they face, particularly for those in the LGBTQIA+ community.
The experiences of queer youth in sports can vary widely, often influenced more by the surrounding environment than by their love for the games themselves. While the summer Olympics showcased a record number of openly LGBTQ athletes (180), and figures like NFL player Jordan Carter have made headlines for coming out, data from The Trevor Project reveals that LGBTQ youth are participating in sports at significantly lower rates than their cisgender and straight counterparts. A passion for sports alone isn’t always enough to keep these kids engaged.
In a survey conducted by The Trevor Project from October to December 2020, nearly 35,000 LGBTQ youth aged 13 to 24 shared their experiences with athletics. The results showed that 68% had never participated in sports, while only 32% had. Among those who had played, a mere 4% felt comfortable discussing any challenges or emotional struggles with their coaches.
Coaches play a crucial role in shaping a supportive atmosphere; they should act as mentors and allies rather than sources of rejection for LGBTQIA+ youth. A significant portion of respondents reported encountering negative comments about LGBTQ individuals (18%), while 16% heard positive remarks. To foster inclusivity, coaches must openly affirm their athletes by using correct names and pronouns and adopting gender-neutral language. They should also enforce a strict policy against bullying and discrimination.
The difference a supportive coach can make is evident in the story of 12-year-old Sam from Vermont, who has enjoyed a positive experience on her school’s track and field team after coming out as transgender. Sam excels in javelin and sprinting. She expressed her fears about being removed from the team for “fairness” due to her success but has found encouragement from her teammates and reassurance from her school. Her mother, Michelle, shared her initial anxieties about Sam’s participation, stating, “I was so nervous at the first meet, but thankfully, everything went smoothly.”
Unfortunately, many states are enacting laws that hinder transgender athletes, particularly girls, from competing in youth sports. Even in regions where transgender youth can join teams aligned with their gender identity, issues like bathroom access and the fear of discrimination can create significant barriers. Kids just want to participate without worrying about where they can change before and after practices.
Discrimination extends beyond gender identity; a student’s sexual orientation can also be a target. One youth shared with The Trevor Project, “Some girls in my class don’t want me changing in the locker room because they think I’ll stare at them or hit on them because I’m a lesbian.” Another described the locker room as a “nightmare,” leading them to avoid athletics altogether due to fear rather than disinterest.
Fifth-grader Alex, who identifies as nonbinary, felt pressured to choose a team for their town’s soccer league. Alex expressed a desire for a coed team to avoid being labeled strictly as a girl or boy. “I don’t like being called a girl, but not enough people understand that,” they mentioned. Simple changes in language and a willingness to engage with athletes can significantly enhance the inclusivity of sports.
Sixteen-year-old Jamie, a multi-sport athlete aiming for a college baseball career, shared his perspective on the acceptance of LGBTQIA+ teammates. “While I can’t speak for every team or individual, my close friends and I are supportive of all kids, regardless of their background,” he said. His sister Lily, also a multi-sport athlete, echoed this sentiment, noting that most athletes she has encountered are accepting of queer individuals, creating a supportive community.
Despite these positive stories, many LGBTQIA+ students still face significant barriers to participation. The stark difference in participation rates compared to their straight, cisgender peers highlights the urgent need for improved inclusivity and safety in youth sports. Carrie Davis, Chief Community Officer at The Trevor Project, emphasizes the importance of ensuring that “no young person should be barred from the benefits of sports — friendship, fun, and stress relief — due to their sexual orientation or gender identity.”
Sports should serve as platforms for confidence and affirmation for all students, particularly LGBTQIA+ youth. However, fears of misgendering, being outed, or facing discrimination can lead to feelings of exclusion, sidelining these athletes from the activities they love.
As we celebrate the achievements of queer Olympians, it is essential to ensure that all future athletes have the opportunity to begin their sports journeys in inclusive environments.
For more on supporting LGBTQIA+ youth in sports, check out this informative blog post or learn more about home insemination kits as a resource for inclusive family planning. Additionally, Cleveland Clinic’s podcast on IVF and fertility preservation is an excellent resource for those interested in expanding their families.
Summary
LGBTQIA+ youth are participating in sports at significantly lower rates than their peers, primarily due to environmental factors and discrimination. Coaches play a crucial role in fostering inclusive atmospheres, while many young athletes face barriers related to gender identity and sexual orientation. Positive stories, like that of Sam, highlight the importance of supportive communities in sports. More needs to be done to ensure that all young people can enjoy the benefits of athletics without fear or exclusion.
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