At 35, I received a breast cancer diagnosis that changed my life. Lacking a family history of the disease, I believed I had little to worry about. After all, I had already discovered two benign lumps in the past decade. So, when I found another lump during a self-exam, I thought it would be the same story. Unfortunately, I was mistaken.
It turned out that I was at a higher risk for breast cancer than I realized. Since my diagnosis, I have dedicated myself to educating others by sharing my experiences. I was active, maintained a healthy diet, and had annual check-ups with my gynecologist. So how did I become one of the one in eight women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer? Understanding your risk is crucial.
I spoke with Dr. Lisa Chen, a breast radiologist, to gather essential information about breast health. First and foremost, women need to recognize their breast cancer risk. What does that entail? How can we determine our risk factors, and what steps can we take once we know them?
Dr. Chen explains that women face both nonmodifiable and modifiable risk factors when it comes to breast cancer. It’s vital to understand these, as some risks cannot be altered while others can. She emphasizes the importance of early monitoring for breast cancer, possibly even before the age of 40. A qualified doctor can assist with a “formal risk algorithmic calculation.”
I understand the hesitation to learn about potential risks—sometimes ignorance feels safer. However, awareness is empowering. Instead of waiting for cancer to strike, we can become proactive by learning about our bodies, scheduling regular exams and scans, conducting self-exams, and even considering genetic testing for the sake of our families. Furthermore, we can actively address those modifiable risk factors that Dr. Chen highlighted.
Several key risk factors for breast cancer exist. The two primary ones, according to Dr. Chen, are aging and being female. This includes cisgender women, transgender men who underwent puberty as females, and transgender men on hormone therapy. Nonmodifiable factors include a family history of premenopausal breast cancer, known genetic mutations, and family histories of male breast cancer. Additionally, individuals of Black or Ashkenazi Jewish descent, those who underwent significant chest radiation, started menstruating before age 12, or began menopause after age 55 are at increased risk.
While this information may seem daunting, there is hope. Dr. Chen identifies three main modifiable risk factors: limiting alcohol intake, maintaining a healthy weight, and engaging in regular exercise. She notes that the American Cancer Society recommends at least “150 minutes per week of moderate to vigorous exercise.” These factors are interconnected; reducing alcohol consumption, managing weight, and exercising all contribute to overall health benefits, including a decreased risk of breast cancer.
Though hormonal contraceptives and hormone replacement therapies are widely used, Dr. Chen stresses the importance of discussing these options with your healthcare provider. While they may have benefits, it’s essential to weigh these against your personal risk level.
When it comes to modifiable lifestyle changes, I asked Dr. Chen if they truly impact breast cancer risk. She affirmed that these changes can affect more than just breast cancer risk, emphasizing the importance of taking every measure to lower our risk.
What happens if you discover that your risk is higher than average? Dr. Chen recommends speaking with your doctor. It’s important to note that “75% of individuals who develop breast cancer have no family history,” and only 5-15% of breast cancers are hereditary. Most women who face a breast cancer diagnosis do not have a genetic link.
For those who were adopted or have limited information about their biological families, Dr. Chen suggests consulting with a genetic counselor to determine if genetic testing is appropriate. Additionally, it may be helpful to reach out to agencies involved in egg, sperm, or embryo donation to obtain medical records.
If you find yourself at high risk for breast cancer, options are available. Dr. Chen advocates for “earlier screening protocols, more frequent screenings, or utilizing MRI in conjunction with mammograms.” If genetics play a role, early family planning and fertility preservation methods like egg freezing can also be considered.
As a two-time breast cancer survivor, I can attest that early detection can truly save lives. Dr. Chen shares a poignant story of a patient who reconnected with her biological family and discovered a strong history of breast cancer. Through genetic testing, she learned about a mutation and underwent an MRI, which revealed an early-stage cancer. This proactive approach ultimately saved her life. “We want to empower you into action, not anxiety,” Dr. Chen emphasizes.
While it may feel like some individuals, like myself, shouldn’t face breast cancer, the reality is that it’s all too common. With ongoing research and advancements in medicine, I am grateful for the dedicated healthcare professionals like Dr. Chen. Being informed about your risk, maintaining open communication with your doctor, and getting regular check-ups can make a significant difference.
For more information on related topics, check out this insightful post on home insemination and visit Make a Mom for authoritative resources on home insemination. Additionally, Genetics and IVF Institute provides excellent information regarding genetics and reproductive health.
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Summary:
Understanding your breast cancer risk is essential, as many women who develop the disease lack a family history. By identifying both nonmodifiable and modifiable risk factors, women can take proactive steps to monitor their health. Early detection, lifestyle changes, and discussions with healthcare providers can empower individuals to manage their breast cancer risk effectively.
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